Flying shears



Nov. 28, 1933. s. BATCHELOR 1,936,928

FLYING SHEARS Filed April 30, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 28, 1933. s. BATCHELOR FLYI NG SHEAR S 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 30. 1932 J @7337 (fall/ 1,. Eo/c/zala Nov. 28, 1933.

s. L. BATCHELOR 1,936,928

FLYING SHEARS Filed April 30, 1932 4 SheetsSheet 3 fWM FLYING SHEAR S Filed April 30, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I umfwyz. Bah/5e a Patented Nov. 28, 12 93:)?

" "Um-TED "STAT-Es;

' Lemmas A ,prisinga shaft located with its axis parallel with the direction .of movement .of the shear to pro- 1110 videpa'shearemovingzdevice made up. ofpivoted links vconnected with each other in snchia way thatwith atcomparatively small vertical motion .the horizontal; motion for operating the shear to perform itsrcu-ttinglactionzwill; be greatlyevmulti l5. .plied;;-to providelan. improvement in thelmeans forvoperatingthe shear orother tool which :consists initthe. employment. of a series of toggle joints connected togetherin'such away as to multiply themovement-of the joints irom'oneposition to. another, whereas the motion of these joints in thentherdirectioniin the aggregate is the same astthat of each one of them; .to provide l-a conl .struction. for operating the same which consists of Y a cam. onathei operating .shaft, preferably extending the; lengtlrof thes'eries. of togglefljoints and operatingzall of; them at once to :provide. a -movable trough shaped guide housing the ..main

:part: of the series;of .toggles;..andi pivotally con'-- nectedwith the. one: nearest thezjshear blade so i; that it is slidably mounted with 13851360111130 the rest of. the toggle construction;to:provide meansoperated-by-theend of the. rod:.or:bi1l'et ;to-, be cut :offz-forgoontrolling the operation ofcthe machine and rendering this operation automatic. after .it has once been started; to provide meansm'hereby, :inroase anything happens to ;prevent the proper cutting of the billet; the guide for the shears will simply-be-moved ofi its rsupportlng .-track,;and vto provide a machine ofthis' characterjn which 640 .all the parts aremounted on =a self-contained frame that requires no foundation andxthat can 'be moved from place to'place. l l

Other objects and advantages 0 the'invention :will appearpzhereinafter. l l ."RBfBIBI1C811iS to bewhad to ftheuaccompanying drawings in-fwhich 2 V .1 v ':'Fig;1:'isa plan of ,a1flyingleshear vfo'rya rolling .lmill constructedin accordance Wil;h: thisx.inven- ,tion; r r I Fig. 2 is a side view of thesame; Fig.3 isia transversev sectional View: ,v1ineI-331oi- Fig.12; v a

Fig. 4 is a:=plan of Ithetparts' for. operating the :lsh'ear,=partly;insection; 'I F-lg. 5 is a-centrjalzlongitudinal 'sectionaLview on: the

sh winsrth narts;o :theishearinher t namq h- V .anism.incthetcontracte ynonw erat el.po ition 1 rEj -lfi; yview.QijillQ same nart vsh wi n them i -a no enttmpus fth spea bladetoits fnll hmit' lis-i .i i r se tiona 9. 1 15 23 9:, A a tic me hae sm:io .;sto r qh n n-iforautomat nnp ns. ra iQn -,-and- 1 i fiis ap anp hesamethee l me fi is ver t at th ingle rod coming from tr f rin roll 0, :tli ard i sn ia a th eh t auid -l.l;m ye ith the-rod. 9

its tx c latthe se dil zwco rsa f h -rq m th shea' lades; J ein for ed e :i v anythi happen oliprevent the; r fmeing 39 tsl earedm rth da w i 'hav .to cq ttinue-to .itravel -iwith. th amdiu t smou tedf rgm the endpfit rtrag Then l ta l 'athefiq r and theeen ratp w l hav t t witq .v he rq. :ll hen-setnfi-rdls rist. ni ti ties kn vesio shea sll sa lp eli deby laai 'fiha fi extendi -a SS t mes i h ha .s z iiid iw thz :fl Whe l 6; s purp e-sil ha ;acnerevqlutieni lu e l7 a he-othe end whic sgoqn o l z r anener 9 c ati aha me-mtothrewthe' lu hirtand con ect I :it with: a-whe l 1 wh c ;b labe tz x ecc ve it m t f om; a ndes re r sour es v Dower. D

course? any flnn e -ybrinsin -itn I shaft 15 into ope -i naands ep ine i rS Qltld b 5 employed. s r

. on the snarl-415.. ar twqlgams. 21 -,i the mate i is t0;be1 Qpe,1"a B i.sa aidon le shea z; ;9a e isto be ope ated. as.a;s n 1e;shear w t eneblade 'fixediin the ui e 1 o yneo t e e :camaat 9 correspondin s o amsm ul rb s P. X .iEachzm zpfith s z cams-112 71 p iaa m rcvlindrical'shape with a longitudinal prgjeetign n :produced by. a spira u ef-rqm; th d e "t 1 semi-cylinder "to ;the;; end of; the projection ;;22. @1 8 -These two cams ar keyed to the;;shaft:g 15 and .lo'cated'i .exact y't v samemositio :t mumi zentiallyl'":

Underneatheach cam 21,;is; asto ijb r mbrimn mo comprisingeasseriesioirlinks 23. .and 24 1;?

that this guidehasto move with this link, This guide has sides normally housing the toggles and with cross pins for connecting them. The first cross pin 25 is fixed in stationary position to the frame 26 of the machine. The machine frame is provided with a vertical part constituting the end of the machine and this cross pin 25 is fixed at this point, toan ear 2'? integral with a stationary plate 28. Thisstationary plate Carries a series of springs 29 adapted to engage the sleeves 30 when they are depressed and tend to force them up.

So normally the links are in the position "shown in Fig. 5. When the cam projection 22 comes down on the sleeve 30 which surround the cross pins 25, this cam will force theseseveral slides: down, When brought to the flat straight posi-' tion shown in Fig. 6 the end one ofthe cross pins 25 has been moved a distance which isdetermined by adding the distance of movement of all of. 'the lower cross pins-25 together.

25 at the free end of the series of toggle joints is connected freely with atrough-like guide 31 so extends back beyond the frame. There it is provided with a vertical rod 32 extending down and having a slidable pin 33 connected with it and. located in a recess in the frame. A spring 34 surrounds this-pin and normally acts at all times to push-this frame back into the open position shown in Fig. 5. Also connected with this-vertical pin 32 is a swinging link'35 {to-which is pivoted one of the shear blades 12. The sameconstruction prefof the rod being cut, passing over a pulleyv 41 and connected. with a strong cable 42 which is located parallel withthe direction of motion of the rod that is being cut. One end of this cable 42 is fixed and the other'end is connected at a fixed point by a spring 43. Located in stationary position at a distance at'theside ofjthe machine frame '26 is a frame 44.. Pivotally mounted on this frame is 'alever 45 having two pulleys 46 jonelocated on each sideofthe cable'42. The

point at which this lever ispivoted is in line Withthe two'ends'of the-cable. This'lever 45 has another arm 47 which is provided with an adjustable-end 48, preferably a "screw or bolt head.

' The end of the rod 14 that has been severed previously, engages 'a lever 50. Obviously this jlever constitutes; a measuring means to measure the length of the billets cutoff so that they will all be uniform. This lever is pivotally mounted ona stud '51 and is located on the bottom of the sliding frame 44 which is made adjustable along a'couple" oftr'acksv 56 by means of-a rack 57 and a pinion 58, On the-top of the frame 44 is a lever 59 which is connected with. the lever 'throughthe stud51'and a second stud 60. There is anar'cu'ate slot 61 in the frame'fo'r permitting the necessary motioniof'the stud '60 about the stud 51 as a center." This lever 59 is limited in its motion in one directionby a stop 62; and is providedwitha spring 63 for'drawing itback against that stop. a At a distance from the end of this leveris a' vertical pivot stud 64 onwhich an operating tooth 65' is mounted: pivotally. The end of the lever 59 is provided with ja projection fifiwhi'ch constitutes a back-stop for this tooth 65 and is 7 "connected with the tooth by aispring'o'l. 5 V

In the operation 'of this machine,- of-course,

slide and holder 11.

The cross pin it will be understoodthat while the shear is at rest the rod to be operated upon which, of course, has an irregular end, is put into the shear and the irregular end'is sheared off by simply connecting the clutch 17, by the use of the handle 18. This is done, of course, asthis rod passes from the place whereit was last rolled or otherr wise operated upon through'the rolls v10 into the Now this rod, sheared off squarely at theend, passes along until it engages the lever 50. This forces the lever 59 from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig.

.8.- 'On accountof the construction shown, this lever with its tooth 65, is rigid for operation in .to the position shown in Fig. 8 which shortens the cable 42 and stretches the spring 43. The effect of this is to pull the cable 40 and thus operate the handle 18 and close the clutch 17.

The closingof the clutch 1.7 startsinto operation the shaft15 and the .two cams-21 are rotated from the neutral position in. which they stop and in which they are shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5. These cams move in thedirectionof the ar rowi shown in Fig- 3, bringing the toggle arrangement into the position shown in Fig; 6. The end cross pin 25 being'attached to theslide 31, moves thata distance equal tothe sum of the distances gained by eachv set of toggles. Each toggle moves a distance equal to the length of the link 24 between centers minus {the-cosine of. the angle.

which the-link makes withthe horizontalwhen the cams 21 are in inoperative position, as shown in Fig. 5. Thus each toggle causes only a small but powerful motion and these motions are added 7 7 together. In this case it is .three'tirnes. the

amount above specified so that it maybe calledwithout diminution to the pin 32 and 'then a .multiplying motion. Thisv motion is applied shear the bar.i It is to be understoodthat a stationary blade could'bemounted on the guide 11 on one side. and the shearing done by a single blade coining in on the other side, but the motion of that blade would have to be twice as much as the motion of eachblade isin the preson the cutting actionis made smooth and uniform. When the cut has beenmade, the severed bar isgtaken care of 'in any of the ordinary ways by any desired machinery and the spring 63 will bring the lever 59 back to the startingpoint I. while the spring 57 will yield so that the tooth 65 can pass back over the head .48 to the position shown in Fig. 1. The spring 43 acting on lever 45 to the position shown in Fig.- 1. The cable '40 therefore is allowed to movebackand the lever 18, which is operated ,uponzby the. spring in the clutchijfor openingit, willm'oveback 'to normal position allowing the .clutchtoopen operation to beiperformedl v It will be seen. therefore that' after thegleyer and stop the shaft 15, until it is timefor the next the cable14'2 straighten's it out and returns the 18 is operated to close the clutch for, the cutting 7 oif of the irregular front end of the rod or bar 14, the entire operation of-stoppingandstarting isv automatic; Alsof if for. any :reasonthe shears I failfto sevefthe'rod l l'the'whole structure,"- co m-' prisin'g'the'shears andhol'der 11,'will be disnian' place to another as maybe desired. The cutting action is'very.powerfulhecause it is made up fofa acting machine.

plurality of (small motions, 'eaohrriade at an effective angle so that a powerful cuttingaction is secured and one of suflicient length. Thishas been a problem in machines for this general purpose because with ordinary mechanism it is difficult to get the power-required for cuttingand the length of motion necessary at the same "time without employing a very powerful and quick- The parts of the 'motionfor securing this shear action are housed in a sliding frame which also constitutes a link to transmit the power and thus it is easy to' provide a very strong construction for this purpose.

The connection of the flying shear with-the power is made through a link which is pivoted on a stationary pivot at one endand of course has to travel with the shear at the other end with the entire width of the machine utilized for this purpose. This link'is longer than the machine frame is wide and therefore 'very little of the motion produced by the toggle joint construction is lost through this link.

The movable head 11; furnishes the support for the knives and this support ismoved by the motion of the rod being out, taking advantage of ,the fact that the knife blades cut into the stock and furnish the connection between the stock and the head. The head is returned to its original position 'as soon as the cutting operation is performed by springs so that it is al- ,ways ready to commence the next operation.

The cams are formed so asto operate only during the first part of one revolution of the shaft. The motion of the knife blades is controlled by the shape of the cam and the cams can be varied in shape for'the purpose, in view of the kind of material being operated {on and its-size. As many of these toggle joints may be used inone shear/as may be necessary to get the required motion of the blade within-the radius of action of the cam which is practical; 1

Although I have illustrated and described only one form of the'invention', I am aware of the fact that modifications can be made therein by any person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do not wish to be limited in this respect but what'I do claim is:-

1. In a shear, the combination with a movable shear blade, of a shaft, a cam on said shaft, a

plurality of members adjacent to the cam adapted to be engaged and pushed .by the cam simultaneously, connections between said members.

for translating that motion into a longitudinal motion, and means connecting the end one of said members with the shear blade for operating cam means on said shaft, a series of toggle joints under the cam means in position to be moved from an angle to the straight line positionby the cam means, one end of the series of toggle joints being pivoted at a stationary point, and

mismanaged withitlie"otherfjend foriniiying theshe'ar bla de. v 3. In a shear, the combination with I cablefshear blade of a series oftoggl joints co oted at a fixed. point andthe' one at' the other no.

nected together, that one i at one end "being pivbeing movable, means fork connecting "the "last j named end of the series or joints t t bljde f era it; n eans for simultaneously.

moving the toggle joints'if rorn' a position in which they'are at an angle to each other toward'iai'posi tion'in which they are in alignment for operating theshearblade. I

-4.'In"ajshear ,"the .combinationwith ssists: cable'she'ar blajde, ofaseriesoflinks having oss pins conh'ecting'them 1n "such'ja manner a to constitute aseries'of toggle'j'oints, yieldingfrneans for'fmovingthetoggle joints normally toia o s'ition inwhich the] links make an (angle witheach other, meansfor pressing on'thejointsthus 'elevatediand thus pressing'thern into a plane'par allelwith the direction of motion"'off;thes har connecting thexlinkat the other end thefjseries with the'shea'r blade, fwhereby, thefm'otionfproblade, means for pivoting the link-fat one'efidfof the series at a'stationary?point,"and*meansior duced by one toggle joint will be multipliedmove the shear blade. r

5. In a shear, the combinationof means on said'shaftfa series ;of toggle joints under the'cam means in position to be moved from an angle to the straight line position by'the cam sion at all times, j"

6. In a shear, the combination of a series [of toggle f joints, I each consisting of two links. and crosspins pivotallyconnecting said, links) to]- gether in a serieathe'link atone end of the series being pivoted at a stationary point,"a' guide for said toggle joints, the cross 'pinat the other;

end ofthe series of toggle joints-being connected means, one endof'the'series' oftogglejointsjbe- I .gle joints tothe contracted or broken] position i with'said guide," means ior connecting the guide with a shear blade to move it infproportion. to

the-extended motion of. the last named cross pin,

and means for simultaneously movingthe .links from a position inwhich they are: at an angle to each other to oneinwhi'ch 'they'a're in the same plane, said guide having three sides,- on oneof which the lower end of eachlink're'sts' at all times and the other two sides housing the toggle joints. '7. In a shear, the combination of a reciprocable shear blade, a' series of toggle joints connected together, one at one end beingpivoted at a fixed point' and one'at the other endbeing movable, means 'for connecting thexlast named end of the series of joints with the blade for operating it, means for simultaneously moving the toggle joints from a position in which they are at an angle to each other towarda position in which its a guide for said toggle joints pivoted to the movit in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft. j able end of :the Senes and lmk plvoted to the 2. In a shear, the combination of a shaft, and

guide at a point further away from the shear blade than the fixedpivotof the toggles and contion of the guide thereto;

3 8. In a flying shear, the combination'of a shear itr 1 r viilo they are in a plane for operating the shear blade,

tie nected with said shearblade to transmit the motransverse direction and having an opening there through for receiving the rod to be cut, a series of toggle joints connected together, the toggle joints normally making an angle with'each othferiineans in a transverse direction and having an opening therethrough,iorreceiving the rod to be out, a series of toggle'joint's connected together, a guide for the toggle joints, yielding means for normally moving the toggle joints to a position in, which they make'an angle with each other, means for simultaneously straightening out the e'ntirejsefries of toggleaone end of the seri'esbeingt stationary and the othermovabl'e, and'alaterally swinging link pivoted beyond the toggles and pivotally connectedwith the movable end eithe' series and with the shear blade,fwhereby, when the toggles are operated, the shear blade will engage the rod passing through the guide and move with it while'theknife blade cuts the rod, v 10. In a flying shear, the-combination of a guideithrough' which the rod to, be sheared is adapted to pass, a shear blade i reciprocably mounted in said guidelfor the purpose of shearing the rod, a shafthavinga cam thereon, a togglearrangeinent in position to be engaged by the cam and straightened out, means connectedwith l the toggle for recipro'catingtheshear to cutoff the rod, a stop lever in position to be engagedby the end of the rod passing through the guide, a clutch for connecting said shaft with a source of power normally held in open position, and means connected with said stop lever for closing'the clutch and connecting the shaft with the source of-power. when the rod operates the stop lever.

11. In a flying shear, the combination with a movable shear blade, of a shaft, a'cam on said shaft,.a plurality of members adjacent to the cam adaptedto be engaged and pushedby-the 'cain simultaneousiy, means connecting the end of one 'of said members with the shear blade for operating it, a; stop lever in position to befengaged and moved by the end of a rod-passing by'the shear'blade, a'ca'ble having one end fixed'and mews the other yieldingly connectedwith a fixedpoint,

eans operated by the'said stop for flexing said cable so as to'pull its yieldingly mounted en'd'to ward the stationary end, and means'connec'ted with the'yieldinglymounted [end of the cable for connecting said shaft with a source of power to start theshearing operation. v

'12, In a flying shear, the combination of a shear blade, a, guide'for the shear blade'mounted to nioveireely in the direction or" motion of the rod to be sheared, ,means ,for operating the shear blade which is normallydisconnected from its source of power, a movable stoplever in position tobe Enga ed by the end of the rod after it has been fed far enough from the shearsto provide the desired length, a second lever connected with and operatedby the stop lever having a pivoted f nger thereon, yielding means for moving said lever back to inoperative position, a cable extending parallel with the direction of the rod fixed at oneend and yieldingly mounted'at theoth'er, a third lever having means for engaging the cable to be engaged by the finger and moved so that the cable will be taken up by said third; lever and-the other end of it pulled forward, a second cable attached near theend of the first cable, and means operated by the second cable for connecting the shear blade moving mechanism'with its source of power. 7 e 13. The'combination with a reciprocable blade, of a cam rotatable'about an axis, a movable member located adjacent to the cam in a position to be pushed radially bylthe cam as'it rotates,-'and means for translating the motion of said member into a lateral motion ofthe in a line parallel with the axis of the cam.

14. The combination with a tool, of a shaft, a

blade long faced cam on said shaft, a'plurality ofinj clined links adjacent to the cam adapted to be engaged and pushed by the cam simultaneously, connections between said links for translating that motion into a longitudinal motion, and

.means connecting the end of one of said links with the tool for operating it in adirection paral-' 101 to theaxis of the shaft; 7 a, 15. The combination of. ashaft; and a member on'said shaft, a series of toggle joints under the member in position to be moved from an angular nearly to the straight line position by the mempivoted at a stationary point, and means'connected with the other end for moving a tool.

on opposite sides and having an arm in position a 125 her, one end of the se'riesof toggle joints being 

